Shaver with hair raising brush



June 28, 1955 r J, scu 2,711,582

SHAVER WITH HAIR RAISING BRUSH Filed Oct. 11, 1949 2 Sheets-Shee 1 IN VEN TOR.

June 28, 195 5 scu 2,711,582

SHAVER WITH HAIR RAISING BRUSH v Filed 001;. 11, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet? INVEN TOR.

United States Patent SHAVER WITH HAIR RAISING BRUSH John T. Scully, NewYork, N. Y.

Application October 11, 1949, Serial No. 120,783

8 Claims. (Cl. 30-34) My invention relates to improvements in shavers inwhich relatively movable members cooperate to clip off or shear-cut hairor hairs, such machines being referred to in the art as dry shavers,hair clippers, shaving machines or shearing devices or the like, suchdevices being employed for shaving without the use of soap lather orshaving cream.

Important objects ofthis invention are: to provide means in a shaver toremove soot, grit, sand and the like from the beard and skin of theuser, and thereby avoid consequent damage to the shearing head; toprovide said means in a form for use to clean the beard and skin eitherwhile the motor is idle in the shaver, thus preserving it against wear,heating up and the unnecessary use of electric current, or for usesimultaneously with the shaving operation and, thereby, save time by thecombined shaving preparation and operation. object is to provide saidmeans in a form to increase the opportunity of relatively long hairs, orhairs curled on, or hairs lying substantially flat to, or in engagementwith, the outer surface of the skin to enter the hair-receiving openingsof the shearing head; another principal object is to speed up the timeof the actual shaving operation; an-

other principal object is to provide the means in a form to tauten theskin during the shaving operation and thus improve the closeness of theshave and, further, to quicken the time of a close shave. Furtherimportant objects are to provide said means in a convenient andeconomical form; in some instances in a form for adjustable locationrelatively to the shearing head; in some instances in a form formovement towards or away from the shearing head so that the means may beused simultaneously with the shaving operation or the shaving operationperformed by itself on certain facial parts without the use of themeans. Other important objects are to provide said means in the form ofan attachment quickly and easily mountable on, or demountable from, ashaver, in some instances without the use of a tool; in some instancesto provide the attachment as adaptable to be fitted on either ofopposite sides of the shaver with said means disposed opposite theshearing head; to provide said means in a form in which working portionsmay be replaced by reversal thereof; to provide fastening parts wherebysaid means may be easily and quickly renewed in the attachment; in someinstances to provide cushion-parts in the attachment for said means; toprovide abutments .in the attachment suitable for engagement with flat,curved or corrugated portions of the outer surface of the casing housingthe motor of the shaver to properly position said means relatively tothe shearing head; to provide a simply constructed, economicallymanufactured and an efficient attachment for the purposes outlined.

These objects above and others which will hereinafter become apparentare attained by the means and members shown in the accompanying drawingand described herein with reference to the drawing, and in which:

. Fig.1 is a side view of a shaver embodying the invention in one form.

A principal ice Fig. 2 is a side view of the opposite side of theshaver, with parts of the brush mounting means shown in section.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the shaver, with parts of the shearing headshown in section.

Fig. 4 is a view of a part of the brush.

Fig. 5 is a view of a modified brush mounting means, adapted to bemounted on a shaver as shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary'view of the brush mounting means of Fig. 5, withparts in section.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary side view of a shaver embodying the modifiedform of the invention shown in Fig. 5, with parts of the shearing headshown in section.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side view of a shaver embodying a furthermodified form of the invention, with parts of the brush mounting meansomitted to show detail of the brush positioning means.

Fig. 9 is a view of a modified brush.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view of a further modified brush mountingmeans.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view of a further modified brush mountingmeans, with parts thereof shown in section. f

Fig.. 12 is a fragmentary side view of a shaver embodying a furthermodified form of the invention.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary side view of the shaver-of Fig. 12, with partsof the brush mounting means shown in section.

Fig. 14 is a perspective fragmentary view of a portion of the brushmounting means of Fig. 12.

Fig. 15 is a view of a further modified brush mounting means.

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary side view of a shaver embodying a furthermodified form of the invention wherein brushes are mounted on oppositesides of the shearing head.

Fig. 17 is a side view of a shaver embodying a further modified form ofthe invention. j

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views.

Referring more particularly to the drawing and, first, to Figs. 1 to 4inclusive:

The shaver illustrated has the well known type of electric motor tovibrate a cutter actuating bar, the bar having its upper end received ina slot in the movable inner cutter of the shearing head, wherebyvibration of the actuating bar causes the inner cutter to belongitudinally reciprocated for shearing cooperation with the outershear member. The motor is housed in a casing,

serving also as a handle, which is longitudinally divided into casingsections 20 and 21, respectively, the division being indicated alongline 22, and these sections are fastened together by laterally spacedupper screws 23 screwed into section 21 and by laterally spaced lowerscrews, generally designated 24. At the lower end of the casing iselectric current conductor cord 26 to conduct current to the motor. Atthe upper end of the casing is the shearing head in which channelledouter shear member 27 is provided on opposite sides of its channel witha series of spaced hair receiving slots 28 which extend outwardly in thetop portion of the member and substantially rectangularly down into theside portions thereof and form combing and shearing bars 29 in themember. Beneath member 27 and urged into intimate engagement with theinner surface thereof is cooperating and channelled inner cutter 30having on opposite sides of its channel a series of spaced cutting 7 3cutter. The outer member is secured to the casing by the engagement ofits ends into end fastening members 32 which, in turn, are secured tothe casing by screws engaging square nuts pocketed against turning inthe casing and between the two sections thereof; thus secured, the outershear member, indirectly, holds the springs, urging the inner cutter,under compression. This shearing head is well known in the art.Detachably and adjustably mounted on the shaver, on the casing thereof,is a hair up-raising brush generally designated by 33 and ofsubstantially cylindrical segmental shape in cross-section and having aradial-like formation of flexible bristles 34 held in said formation byand be tween the strands of wire twisted one upon the other, in the wellknown manner of the common wire twisted brush. At opposite ends oftwisted wire por tion 35 of brush 33 are fastening loops 36 one of whichis formed closed and of generally circular shape by the Wire twistingstep in the manufacture of the brush While the other loop is firstformed as a general loop disposed between the bristle portion of thebrush and the tail end or twisting end of. the. twisted wire and incutting off the tail end of twisted wire this general loop is cut intoto a predetermined extent and thereby opened; then, the cut ends arebent towards each other on a cylindrical bar of the desired diameter, tomake this loop of substantially the same size as the first closed loop,until the free ends are opposite and adjacent each other; then, thejoint between the free ends, or of the free ends, is formed by solderingas indicated at 37 to close the loop, or, if desired the joint may beformed by any other suitable means or method. Brush 33 is secured to abrush carrier or supporting member, generally designated, 38 having abrush positioning member 39 in the form of a generally U-shaped rigidsteel frame, the spaced cylindrical arms 40 of which extendsubstantially parallel to each other from the cross-portion 41 which, inthis instance, is shown preferably, but not necessarily, flattenedsymmetrically on opposite sides throughout its central portion. At theirupper ends, arms 40 have threaded holes 42 receiving the threadedshanks, extending through loops 36 of brush 33, of flanged headedfastening screws 43 to detachably fasten the brush on brush positioningmember 39, the screw shanks being movably but suitably closely receivedin the fastening loops 36 to hold the brush substantially straight witharms 40. Carrier 33 also has a fastening or securing member or portiongenerally designated by 44 and of suitable, flexible, elastic materialand since, as will be ob served (Fig. 3), the outer surface contour ofthe shaver casing slants perceptibly inwardly from the central por tionthereof towards the head and plug ends, respectively, of the casing,member 44 is formed of an elongated strip folded and crossed upon itselfto form bottom band loop 45 and acutely disposed flexible arm extensions46 and at the diamond shaped junction 47 of band loop and arm extensionsthe outer surface of the underlying portion of the strip and the innersurface of the overlying portion thereof are securely cemented orotherwise fixed together: on the outer ends of the arm extensions 46 arehollow or tubular fastening ends 48 internally receiving the arms 44) ofpositioning member 39 and formed, as shown herein, by folding orlooping, intermediate their ends, marginal end portions of extensions 46around, and cementing them as completely around as possible to, flexiblerubber tubes 49 and then cementing the remaining end portions securelytogether to form the double layer portions on each extension and whichextend approximately as far back as indicated by dash lines 50. Tubularends 48 provide, in positioning member 39, cushions on arms 40 ofnon-slip rubber to abut the casing handle, that is, provide a cushionedcasing-abutting face on member 39 and also serve, together with tubes 49not only to space the bristles of the brush from the hair-receiving zoneof the shearing head of the shaver, but, also, to space the crossbarportion 41, between the cushioned arms, of member 39 from thecasing-handle. Since arm extensions 46 are connected to the cushionedarms of member 39 and are connected at the junction 47, they form,together with the positioning member a fastening loop for telescopicallyreceiving the handle, the arm extension 46 being a fastening band loopportion or fastening member and, because of the flexibility andelasticity inherent in the material of the band loop, the positioningmember 39 is adjustable on the handle of the shaver relatively to theshearing head without the necessity of moving carrier 38 as a whole formaking certain adjustments of the brush relatively to the shearing head.The material, with the exception of tubes 49, from which member 44 ismade and has, up to date, been found the most suitable commerciallyavailable material to really grip the slippery surface of a streamlinedshaver casing, and also present an attractive appearance, has roughopposite surfaces and is a non-skid sponge rubber marketed by theFabrics Division of the E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. At the timeof cutting this material into strips from the roll the strips are cut inthe direction in which the material is the more elastic or resilient.The upper ends of fastening ends 48 provide a rubber cushion for thetwisted portions of the wire between the bristles of the brush and thefastening loops thereof, and are substantially flush with the ends ofarms 40, and fastening ends 48 are relatively long enough and the tubes49 therein fitted tightly enough on positioning member 39, but forciblyturnable thereon, to maintain this substantially flush end arrangement.Member 44, as shown herein, is stretched and, therefore, under tension,in both portions 45 and 46, and extensions 46 are resiliently, butfirmly, holding member 39 drawn towards the shaver casing and with theportions of fastening ends 48 between arms 40 and the face of the sideof the easing compressed against the casing and seating the brush inproper position; the distance which arms 40 are spaced from each otheris related to the width of the side face of the shaver casing in theregion thereof adjacent the shearing head and to the thickness and shapeof ends 48 in order that the brush Will be positioned substantiallyaxially straight with the shearing head, parallel with the side thereof,and axially spaced therefrom a suitable distance, in accordance with thelength and flexibility of the bristles, to prevent the bristles, whenflexed in the direction towards the shearing head by their travel on theskin, from entering and blocking the hair-receiving openings in theouter shear member or engaging any comb portions on the combing portionsof the combing and shearing bars thereof. The brush may have anysuitable bristles, natural or synthetic, of any suitable length fornon-irritating, or substantially non-irritating, travel on the skin inthe manner and for the purposes herein described. 1

Use and operation: It will be clear that the user may employ anyavailable segmental portion of the brush, using the shaver casing as ahandle, to brush dust, grit and the like out of his beard and off hisskin before starting rela tive movement of the shear-cutting members. Bymoving the shaver on the skin with the free ends of the bristles of thetop of the brush travelling on the skin and the shaver being moved inthe direction in which the brush is leading the shearing head, with thetop of the shearing head in engagement with the skin simultaneously withthe bristles of the brush and the cutters working, he may save time byperforming the brushing of his beard and skin simultaneously with theshaving operation and remove damaging foreign matter out of the path ofthe cutters and, attic same time, especially when the shaver is moved inthe direction opposite to the direction of hair growth, the hairs of thebeard will be brushed up from the skin to facilitate their entranceintothe hair-receiving openings in the shearing head, to increase theopportunity of the S combing portions of the outer shear member to combthe hairs into said openings, and the skin will be tautened for closershaving; in this action, hairs bent backward to their direction ofgrowth by their engagement with the brush bristles will, upon release,spring back through the space between the ends of the bristles, whichare flexed on the skin, and the shearing head towards the shearing headin an effort to resume their original positions and, consequently, thebeard hairs can enter the openings in the shearing head in their mosterect positions and at the very time while the very localized area ofskin surrounding any given of such hairs is a part of the tautened skinarea and thereby improve the closeness of the shave, and since shorthairs will be released more quickly and will spring back faster thanlong hairs, the daily shaver can catch his short beard hairs in theirmost erect position and at the same time speed up the time of his shaveby moving the shaver faster on his skin than normally, and manybackwardly bent long hairs whose ends are still engaged by the brushbristles will present released arched portions, equivalent for shavingpurposes to an erect hair, in the said space for entrance into theopenings of the shearing head, and curled hairs will be uncurledsufficiently, or entirely, for entrance into the shearing head openings.It will be clear, also, that the movement, by the user, of the shaver onthe skin with the brush leading the shearing head will cause thebristles, engaged on the skin during the simultaneous travel thereonwith the shearing head, to be flexed in the direction opposite to thedirection in which the shearing head is moved on the skin, that is, thebristles engaging the skin will be flexed towards the shearing head.When so flexed, the free ends or tips of the bristles will be spaced notonly from, or ahead of, the movable or inner cutter of the shearinghead, but,

preferably, will also be spaced from, or ahead of, the

hair-receiving zone of the shearing head, with the results that theflexed bristles will not interfere with the hairshean'ng action of theshearing head and will not block the hair-receiving openings in thehair-receiving zone of the shearing head, but will leave a space betweenthe hairreceiving zone and the flexed bristles for easy entrance oferected hairs into the shearing head. This relative direction of flexureof the bristles is important because hairs, especially short hairs, ofthe beard will be erected and held erected as close to thehair-receiving zone of the shearing head as is practicable withoutblocking the openings thereof and, whereby, the on-coming shearing headwill receive the hairs in the desired erected positions. For replacementof the working bristle portions at the top of the brush, screws 43 canbe unfastened, the brush endwise reversed by turning upside down andfastened again; similarly, the brush may be renewed. To dismount theattachment from the shaver, ends 48 are seized and pulled outward andlifted over the shearing head, then bottom band loop 45 is furtherexpanded to loosen its en gagement with the casing and the attachmentremoved oil? the plug end of the shaver; to remount the attachment, theprocedure is reversed. To use the side of the shearing head which isadjacent the brush for shaving the upper lip in the region of the noseor for aligning or trimming the sideburns or mustache, the user mayseize cross-portion 41 with his finger and pull the positioning member39 downwards and, thereby, the brush downwards out of the waytemporarily retract the brush from the shearing head to fully expose theside of the head to prevent the brush from engaging the nose or blockingthe users mirror view or the like and then reseat the brush in properposition by seizing ends 48 to lift them up again, or, if preferred ornecessary, these adjustments can be made by the same hand that is usedin gripping the handle, for example, a finger of the gripping hand canbe used, by crooking it, to seize cross-portions 41 and pull down thebrush, and a finger can be used to push it up again; by manipulatingpositioning member 39 up or down he can vary the height of the topbristles relaiii 6- tively to the shearing head, and, as the ends ofthese top bristles become worn down by repeated usage, he can adjust thebrush upwardly to compensate therefor. The feature of the up or down, orvertical, adjustment of the brush while the bristles are disposedalongside the shearing head for simultaneous travel with the head on theskin, rather than a fully retracted adjustment from the head, isdesirable, in some instances, to vary the pressure of the bristles onthe skin by varying the extent to which they are flexed by theirengagement with the skin in their simultaneous travel thereon with theshearing head, and desirable for accommodation to a variation of thepressure on the skin which the user may wish to employ on differentparts of the face, for example, a lighter pressure on more tender areassuch as the neck, or on sunburned areas or otherwise damaged areas;further, this vertical adjustment of the height of the brush relativelyto the head for simultaneous travel on the skin therewith enables theuser to make such adjustment as will accommodate the brush and head tothe angle at which he prefers to hold the handle to the skin for shavingvarious parts of the face. This up or down adjustment of the brush is,it will be understood, not necessarily vertical in the absolute sense asto direction, but vertical in the sense of the relativity of thedirection, irrespective as to whether the shearing head is supported onthe end of the handle or on a side thereof. Since it will be observed,upon particular reference to Fig. 3, that the cross-bar of positioningmember 39 is spaced from the handle and extends below ends 48, it willbe clear that the user may by a sufliciently strong inward-downward pushon the crossbar cause the brush to be tilted or rocked slightlyoutwardly, or laterally, away from the shearing head to widen the spacebetween the bristles of the brush and the hairreceiving zone of the headfor the purpose of providing better opportunity for a longer hair, orthe hairs of a beard of longer growth, to enter the hair-receiving zoneof the head in an erect or upright position during the simultaneoustravel on the skin of the brush bristles and the shearing head. Thelower ends of ends 48 serve as heels on which member 39 may be tilted orrocked and the extent of the tilt or rock and the pressure of pushrequired depend, in this instance, on the degree of softness or hardnessof tubular ends 48. This tilting or rocking feature may be more easilyperformed and to a wider extent in certain modifications of thepositioning member hereinafter described. To temporarily maintain thebrush in tilted adjustment it is necessary for the user to hold thecrossbar pushed in because, upon release, the brush is pulled back againby the tension of the fastening band.

disposed portion, facing the shearing head and the casing,

faced off or relieved and is so shown chiefly to illustrate that theformation of the bristles may be on a suitable and relatively largeradius to present sufficient bristle lengths and flexibility so as notto irritate very tender skins; however, the brush may be presentedcommercially in fully cylindrical form, on a shorter radius if desired,as I am well aware that in manufacture the facing off of the bristles isan extra operation and expense, and that for the user, in view of thereversibility features, less than the maximum of potential utility ispresented when the brush is so faced off.

In the modification shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the brush carrier has afastening or securing portion 44a, of similar elastic material, butshorter, than previously described member 44, in the form of a singleband loop, opposite ends of which are folded around rubber tubing 49a,surrounding arm portions 40a of the steel frame, of positioning member3911. The rear portion of fastening portion 44a is a single layer of theelastic material which extends to ends 48a as outer layer 66 and isfolded to provide inner layer 67 and intermediate layer 68; the outerends of layer 68 are folded upon themselves as as 69 to provide on eachend 48:: upper and lower multiple layers on the outer ends of layer 68which form upper and lower inner shoulders 69 on ends 43a and theseupper shoulders are spaced from the lower shoulders by slots 70 formedin the outer ends of layer 68; outer layer 66 is cemented to layer 68and to tubing 49a, layer 68 is cemented to layer 67 and tubing 49a andcarefully cemented to layer 67 at the inner ends of shoulders 69 andprovides well defined grooves as at 71'; inner shoulders 69 and theirspacing slots 70 are externally covered by the outer ends of layer 67,which outer ends have been somewhat stretched in the folding andcementing operation and are trally between the shoulders 72 on each end48a and therer by providing indent faces on the positioning member forvertically spaced abutting engagement of the handle and, in the case ofthe lower shoulders, heels or rock faces upon which the brush may betilted outwardly from the shearing head to widen the space therebetween;tubes 4% are forcibly movable rotatably on arm portions a, consequentlyshoulders 69 are made wide enough to cause shoulders 72 to besufficiently wide to compensate for lateral enlargement of the band loopwhich may result from stretching fastening portion 44a in the act ofpositioning it on the shaver; any inaccurate initial position of thecasing abutting faces of ends 48a may easily be corrected by seizingends 4811, pulling them outwardly from the casing and shifting themlaterally as desired, and resetting ends 48a with shoulders 72 thereofin facial engagement with the side of the casing inwardly of the cornersthereof. As shown in these figures, the cross portion 41a of theU-shaped frame is cylindrical in cross section throughout its length andit, arms 40a and tubes 49a may be of any suitable diameters, absolute orrelative; threaded holes 42a in the upper ends of arm portions 40a aresimilar to, and for similar function as are, holes 42. Referringparticularly to Fig. 7, it will be observed that the brush attachment isshown mounted upon a shaver having a multiplicity of shearing heads inwhich the outer shear members 27a have a cylindrical segment centralportion provided with a series of small perforations forming shearingelements therein and have, on opposite sides of the area of smallperforations, side portions diverging outwardly and terminatingdownwardly in substantially parallel side portions from which transverseslots 28a, in rows, extend upwardly and into the cylindrical segmentcentral portion and form combing and shearing bars in the member 27a; ineach member 27a and urged against the inner surface of its segmentportion by spring pressed balls, is a hollow, cylindrical,longitudinally reciprocable, cooperating inner cutter 30a having a rowof transverse slots forming shearing bars for shearing cooperation withshear members 27a; at opposite ends of the shearing heads are springconnected receptacles 65 for catching cut hairs, the expansion springsextending between the center and side heads and detachably holdingreceptacles 65 positioned in accommodating recesses in the casing; theupper end of the casing has its opposite side faces externallycorrugated in its upper portion and on this upper end the brush carrieris mounted telescopically with fastening portion 44a thereof partiallystretched by the casing, but sufficiently stretched to firmly positionshoulders 72 pressed against the side face of, and adjacent the side endcorners of, the casing, and with the bristles 34a of brush 33a suitablyspaced from slots 28a; brush 33a, having a fully cylindrical formationof bristles 340, may, in addition to its endwise reversibility, bedetached from positioning member 39a, rotated approximately 180 degreesto present new working portions of its bristle formation wheneverdesired,

and fastened, in this new position, on positioning member 3911 again, onarms 40a thereof. Casing sections 20a and 21a are fastened together inthe same manner as sections 20 and 21, shown in Figs. 1., 2 and 3. Brush33a, member 39a and member 44a are otherwise similar respectively topreviously described brush 33, member 39 and member 44. Devoid of thebrush, the shaver shown in Fig. 7 is otherwise of a commercially wellknown type. The hair tip-raising brush shown in these figures may beadjustably positioned to vary the height of the bristles relatively tothe shearing head, for simultaneous travel therewith on the skin, or maybe retracted from shaving cooperation with the head to fully expose theside of the head, similarly as described in connection with Figs. 1-4.

In Fig. 8, the shaver shown has the upper ends of the side portions ofthe casing inclined inwardly towards the shearing head and convexlycurved, as at 74, in the same direction. In this instance fasteningportion 44b, which otherwise is similar to and similarly attached to theshaver casing as previously described fastening portion 44, has itsflexible arm extensions 46b and ends 48b, from the inner end 50b of theinner layers of material, of the same construction as has fasteningportion 44a from end 50a thereof outwardly and previously described, andit will be observed that the upper and lower shoulders on ends 48b atopposite ends of indent portions 73a abut the externally curved face 74of the side of the casing and position brush 33b against accidentalrocking away from the shearing head or toward the shearing head andthereby preventing undesirable spacing of the bristles 34b away from theshearing head or their entrance into the slots of the head; crossportion 41b of positioning member 39a is cylindrical in cross sectionthroughout its length and brush 33b is secured to positioning member ina similar manner and by similar means previously described; in otherrespects the shaver shown in Fig. 8 is similar to the shaver shown inFigs. 1, 2 and 3, and parts 20b, 21b, 22b and 32b of the former aresimilar to corresponding parts 20, 21, 22 and 32 of the latter.

In some instances, in order to reduce bulkiness in the fastening ends ofthe brush carrier, or to present a greater length to the portions of thebristles which project forwardly of the fastening ends, I may providethe brush in the form shown in Fig. 9 in which the twisted wire 350 ofbrush 33c is rearwardly bent as at 75 in regions spaced from andoutwardly opposite the longitudinal ends of the cylindrical formation ofbristles 34c and whereby the end loops 36c are disposed rearwardly ofthe axis A-A of the bristle formation; these bends 75 of 350 are madefar enough out longitudinally from the ends of the bristle formation soas not to loosen any of the bristles therein. Brush 330 is fullycylindrical.

In Fig. 10 there is shown in perspective a fragmentary view, with a partbroken away to show parts in section and a part in elevation, of afurther modification of parts of the brush carrier and in whichrectangular blocks 76 of suitable material, for example suitable wood,are disposed, in ends 48c, at the rear of the arms of the U- shapedsteel frame with the forward faces of blocks 76 abutting the flexiblerubber tubes 49c surrounding the arms of the frame; between the upperand lower ends of blocks 76 their rear faces are indented as at 77 toprovide upper and lower inner shoulders on tubular fastening ends 48c;the ends of the elastic securing member are tightly looped around blocks76 and the frame arms, as shown, and cemented to the tubes and blocks,and layers 78 and 79 are securely cemented together, and, as a result,external upper and lower casing-abutting shoulders are formed in, andspaced by depressions 73b in, ends 480 for suitably positioning thebrush relatively to the shearing head of the shaver, for example, asshown in Figs. 7 or 8. In this modification, it will be observed thatthe lower ends of blocks 76 provide rigid backing for lower shoulders72c to serve as heels or rock faces upon which the brush, by inward pushon the crossbar of the frame,

9 may be tilted or rocked outwardly from, or laterally away from, theshearing head, to widen the space between the bristles of the brush andthe shearing head to a greater degree than, and for similar purpose, ashas hereinbefore been described.

In Fig. 11, there is shown a fragmentary and perspective view, with apart broken away to show parts in section and a part in elevation, of astill further modification of parts of the brush carrier and in whichthe rigid U- shaped steel frame has its arm portions of generallyrectangular shape and with their rear faces suitably indented, as shown,to provide the spaced upper and lower inner shoulders on the armportions projecting rearwardly of the cross portion 41d, ofsubstantially square crosssection, of the frame; the ends of the elasticsecuring member are tightly looped several times around the arms of theframe to provide two layers of the elastic material on the front andrear and inside sides of the arms and three layers of the elasticmaterial on the outer sides of the arms of the frame, as shown, and, aswill be observed, the innermost layers of the elastic material loops arein direct facial engagement with the metal arms of the frame; the layersare securely cemented together all around and the outer of the threelayers on the outer sides of the frame are securely cemented to theparalleling faces of the intermediate layers throughout the area of thelatter; the distance from the centers of the threaded fastening holes42d, for receiving the screws to fasten the loop ends of the brush onthe frame, to the external shoulders 72d is approximately the same asthe distance between the corresponding parts shown in Fig. 10 and thebrush is positioned on the shaver, similarly as has been shown in Figs.7 or 8 and described in connection therewith, with shoulders 72dengaging the casing. By

this modification of the positioning member, the tilting or rockingadjustment, as well as the vertical and retractive adjustments, is .mosteasily accomplished by the, user, when using his handle gripping hand,because of the better cross-section shape of the crossbar for minimizingfinger slip off the bar. 7

In the modification shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 14, and in which theelastic loop fastening band is dispensed with, frame 391:, supportinghair up-raising brush 332, is fastened to the casing of the multipleshearing head shaver by screws 23e which also serve as the upperfastening screws to fasten sections 20c and 21a of the shaver casingtogether. The upper ends of arms 402 have the threaded screw receivingholes or sockets 422 and the rear faces of the arms are suitablyindented to provide upper and lower tooth-like projections 80, the rearends of which serve as casing abutting shoulders 72e. The heads ofscrews 23e are seated recessed in frame arms 40:: in flared end holes 81and the shanks of the screws extend through internal posts of section20a into threaded connection with internal posts of section Me of thecasing handle. This shaver is otherwise similar to the shaver shown inFig. 7. If desired, the brush supporting frame may have provision forupward or downward adjustment of position on the casing as shown in Fig.in which frame 39 in arms 40f thereof, is provided with elongated holes31a for fastening screws 23f; holes 81a extendthrough arms 40f; screws23 have heads which engage the front faces of arms 40] on opposite sidesof holes 81a; screws 23; otherwise function similarly as do screws 232.

In Fig. 16, on a smaller scale, the multiple shearing head shaver isshown provided with hair up-raising brushes 33g, and 33g disposed infront of opposite sides of the shearing head. The brushes are carried bythe brush positioning frames 39g and 39g (similar to the frame shown inFig. 11) and the arms of frames 39g are connected to the arms of frames39g, on corresponding side ends of the shaver, by elastic strips 44gextending transversely of the opposite side ends of the shaver. Strips44g are made of sponge rubber material, similar to the v material ofpreviously described members 44 and 44a, and have opposite ends 48g and48g, respectively constructed as shown in Fig. 11. Strips 44g are shownlongitudinally stretched sufficiently to properly fasten the attachmenton the shaver with the brushes positioned for simultaneous engagement ofthe skin by the brushes and shearing head; whenever it is desired,during the shaving operation, to temporarily expose the front of one orthe other sides of the shearing head, for example, for sideburn ormustache trimming, the user may seize either ends 48g or ends 48g andpull downwards, by further stretching of strips 44g, either of the brushpositioning frames. Brushes 33g and 33g are similar to brush 33a (Fig.7) and the shaver is otherwise similar to the shaver shown in Fig. 7.

In Fig. 17, also on a reduced scale, the hair up-raising brushattachment is shown in a form similar to the form shown in Figs. 12, 13and 14, and may be modified as shown in Fig. l5. Preferably, betweeneach end fastening loop of brush 33h and the upper faces or upper endsof the arms of frame 39h, rubber washers are inserted and whereby thewashers and the loop ends of the wire of the brush are fastened togetherto arms 39h by the brush fastening screws to provide relatively softrubber cushions for and beneath the wire at opposite ends of the brush.Frame 39h is fastened to the casing by the spaced, removable screwsextending therefrom through one section of the easing into threadedengagement with internal posts in the opposite section of the casing,and which screws serve, also, to fasten the upper portions of the casingsections together, and brush 33h is otherwise similar to brush 332.

It will be obvious that in the structures shown in Figs. 12, 13, 14 and15 rubber washers may, if desired, be employed to cushion the ends ofthe wire of the brush on members 39@ and 39 similarly as in thestructures shown in Fig. 17, and it will be clear that, in theconstructions shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 6a, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 16, therubber surrounding the arms of the brush supporting frame issubstantially flush with, or otherwise high enough to, the top end facesof the frame arms to cushion the ends of the wire of the brush.

It will also be clear, that in the event the user may wish to stiffenthe bristles of the brush, he may do so by removing the brush from theframe and rotating the brush manually against the operating shearinghead to cut the bristles shorter.

In using the word bristles in the claims, I wish it to be understood notin the narrow sense only as connoting only hairs and only hairs derivedfrom animals or plants, but to include, also, any other natural orsynthetic material suitable for travel on the beard and skin of a personin the manner and for the purposes which have hereinbefore beendescribed; and, in using the word brush in the claims, I wish it also tobe understood as not being limited to an instrument composed of hairbristles, but to include, also, an instrument composed of any othermaterial, natural or synthetic, in filament, or threadlike, or fibrelikeform, which is arranged as are bristles in the ordinary brush and whichmaterial and its arrangement are suitable for travel on the beard andthe skin of a person in the manner and for the pur poses which havehereinbefore been described.

Having described the invention, I claim:

1. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members, a handle supporting theshearing head, and a hair up-raising brush having a formation offlexible bristles adapted for positive travel on the skin, said handlecarrying the brush with said formation of bristles thereof disposedalongside said shearing head for simultaneous and positive travel on theskin by the free ends of said bristles and by said shearing head, theshearing head being adapted for receiving hairs as it is moved on theskin in the direction in which it will trail the brush, and the I lbristles of said formation being adapted to be flexed by the skin, insaid travel thereon, in the direction opposite to the direction in whichsaid shearing head is moved on the skin.

2. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing 'headcomprising relatively movable shearing members and having ahair-receiving zone, a handle supporting the shearing head, and a hairup-raising brush having a longitudinal formation of flexible bristlesadapted for positive travel on the skin, said handle carrying the brushwith said formation of bristles thereof disposed alongside said shearinghead and spaced from said hair-receiving zone thereof for simultaneousand positive travel on the skin by the free ends of said bristles ofsaid brush and by said shearing head, the hairreceiving zone of saidshearing head being adapted for receiving hairs as said head is moved onthe skin in the direction in which it will trail the brush, and thebristles of said formation being adapted to be flexed by the skin, insaid simultaneous and positive travel thereon, in the direction oppositeto the direction in which said shearing head is moved on the skin.

3. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members, a handle supporting theshearing head, a hair up-raising brush having a longitudinal formationof flexible bristles adapted for positive travel on the skin, saidhandle carrying the brush with said formation of bristles disposedalongside said shearing head for simultaneous and positive travel on theskin by the free ends of said bristles of the brush and by said shearinghead, the shearing head being adapted for receiving hairs as said headis moved on the skin in the direction in which it will trail the brush,said formation of bristles being adapted to be flexed by the skin, insaid simultaneous and positive travel thereon, in the direction oppositeto the direction in which said shearing head is moved on the skin, and asecond formation of flexible bristles in said brush projecting angularlyof the first recited formation of bristles and in a direction laterallyoutwardly relatively to the shearing head for engagement with the skinprior to the engagement of the skin by the shearing head for brushingforeign matter from the beard and skin.

4. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members and having ahair-receiving zone, a handle supporting the shearing head, a hairup-raising brush having a longitudinal formation of flexible bristlesadapted for positive travel on the skin, said handle carrying the brushwith said formation of bristles disposed alongside said shearing headand spaced from said hair-receiving zone thereof for simultaneous andpositive travel on the skin by the free ends of the bristles in saidformation of said brush and by said shearing head, the hair-receivingzone of said shearing head being adapted for receiving hairs as saidhead is moved on the skin in the direction in which it will trail thebrush, said bristles being adapted, with said brush in advance of saidhead in said simultaneous and positive travel on the skin, to be flexedby the skin towards said shearing head with said bristles spaced fromsaid hair-receiving zone of said shearing head, and a second formationof flexible bristies in said brush projecting angularly of the firstrecited formation of bristles and in a direction laterally outwardlyrelatively to the shearing head for engagement with the skin prior tothe engagement of the skin by the shearing head for brushing foreignmatter from the beard and skin.

5. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members, a handle supporting theshearing head, a hair tip-raising brush having a longitudinal formationof flexible bristles adapted for positive travel on the skin, meanscarried by the handle supporting the brush with said formation ofbristles thereof disposed alongside said shearing head for simultaneousand positive travel on the skin by the free ends of said bristles insaid formation of the brush and by said shearing head, the shearing headbeing adapted for receiving hairs as said head is moved on the skin inthe direction in which it will trail the brush, the bristles in saidformation being adapted to be flexed by said simultaneous and positivetravel on the skin in the direction opposite to the direction in whichsaid shearing head is moved on the skin, and said means supporting saidbrush vertically adjustable as to its height relatively to the shearinghead for varying the height to which said free ends of the'bristlesextend relatively to the shearing head for said simultaneous andpositive travel on the skin by said free ends of the bristles and bysaid shearing head.

6. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members and having ahair-receiving zone, a handle supporting the shearing head, a hairup-raising brush having a longitudinal formation of flexible bristlesadapted for positive travel on the skin, means carried by the handlesupporting the brush with said formation of bristles thereof disposedalongside said shearing head and spaced from said hair-receiving zonethereof for simultaneous and positive travel on the skin by the freeends of said bristles and by said shearing head, the hair-receiving zoneof said head being adapted for receiving hairs as said head is moved onthe skin in the direction in which it will trail the brush, the bristlesof said formation being adapted to be flexed by the skin, in saidsimultaneous and positive travel thereon, in the direction opposite tothe direction in which said head is moved on the skin, and said meanssupporting said brush for outward tilting movement laterally away fromsaid shearing head to widen the space between said formation of bristlesof the brush and said hair-receiving zone of said shearing head for saidsimultaneous and positive travel on the skin by said free ends of thebristles and by said shearing head.

7. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members, a handle supporting theshearing head, a hair up-raising brush having a longitudinal formationof :"exible bristles, means carried by the handle supporting the brushwith said formation of bristles thereof disposed alongside said shearinghead for simultaneous and positive travel on the skin by the free endsof said bristles and by said shearing head, the shearing head beingadapted for receiving hairs as said head is moved on the skin in thedirection in which it will trail the brush, said formation of bristlesbeing adapted to be flexed by the skin, in said simultaneous andpositive travel thereon, in the direction opposite to the direction inwhich said shearing head is moved on the skin, and said means supportingsaid brush movable for retraction from shaving cooperation with the headand away from said shearing head to fully expose the side thereof.

8. In a dry shaver, in combination, a skin-engaging shearing headcomprising relatively movable shearing members and having ahair-receiving zone, a handle supporting the shearing head, a hairup-raising brush having a longitudinal formation of flexible bristlesadaptedfor positive travel on the skin, means carried by the handlesupporting the brush with said formation of bristles thereof disposedalongside said shearing head and spaced from said hair-receiving zonethereof for simultaneous and positive travel on the skin by the freeends of the bristles in said formation of said brush and by saidshearing head, the hair-receiving zone of said head being adapted forreceiving hairs as said head is moved on the skin in the direction inwhich it will trail the brush, said bristles being adapted, with saidbrush in advance of said head in said simultaneous and positive travelon the skin, to be flexed by the skin towards said shear- ReferencesCited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Kohn Apr. 24,Smith June 10, Schmitt June 15, Hulst June 30, Wintercorn Oct. 5,

FOREIGN PATENTS Switzerland Oct. 16, Switzerland Jan. 17,

